New Forces in Anti-Aging: A Comparative Analysis of Three Ingredients

by: GSHWORLD Time: 2025-12-15 Classify: Product News

NMN: Energizing Core of Metabolism

As a direct precursor of NAD?, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) delays aging through multiple pathways.

Its primary mechanism is raising intracellular NAD? levels, thereby activating sirtuin proteins that orchestrate mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic homeostasis.

NMN also boosts PARP1 activity, accelerates DNA-damage repair, preserves telomere length and dampens aberrant expression of senescence-related genes.

In animal studies NMN improves vascular function and skeletal-muscle mitochondrial performance, crosses the blood-brain barrier and safeguards neurons.

aging

PQQ: Fortifying Antioxidant Defenses

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) excels as a potent antioxidant. It markedly increases the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT, efficiently scavenges ROS and curbs accumulation of oxidative products such as MDA and NO.

Concurrently, PQQ suppresses release of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6), mitigating chronic low-grade inflammation.

Experiments in aging rats show that medium-to-high-dose PQQ restores appetite and mobility, protects thymus and spleen mass, and slows immunosenescence-delaying aging via combined antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.

Glutathione: Targeting Skin Aging

Glutathione anti-aging action is centered on skin health.

Both reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms inhibit melanogenesis, lowering melanin index and UV-spot count.

GSH also reduces wrinkle depth, improves elasticity and ameliorates photo-aging phenotypes, with benefits especially pronounced in subjects over 40.

Clinical trials demonstrate that 250 mg/day oral glutathione is safe and well tolerated, delivering whitening and anti-aging effects by modulating cutaneous oxidative stress and metabolism.

Distinct yet complementary, the three ingredients follow different anti-aging routes:

- NMN provides systemic metabolic regulation and multi-organ protection, suited for whole-body aging intervention.
- PQQ emphasizes antioxidant defense and immune modulation, ideal for individuals with prominent oxidative stress.
- Glutathione specializes in localized skin rejuvenation, meeting the demand for brightening and wrinkle reduction.

References

[1] Rahman SU, Qadeer A, Wu Z. Role and Potential Mechanisms of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide in Aging. Aging and Disease, 2024, 15(2): 565-583.
[2] Li X. A Preliminary Study on the Anti-Aging Effect and Mechanism of the Novel Food Ingredient PQQ. Modern Food, 2023(15): 189-192.
[3] Weschawalit S, Thongthip S, Phutrakool P, et al. Glutathione and its Antiaging and Antimelanogenic Effects. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 2017, 10: 147-153.

*Special note - This article is for informational purposes only and cannot replace a doctor's treatment diagnosis and advice. It should not be regarded as a recommendation or proof of efficacy of the medical products involved. If it involves disease diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation, please be sure to go to a professional medical institution to seek professional advice.